"often" meaning in Middle English

See often in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

IPA: /ˈɔf.tən/ Forms: offen [alternative], ouften [alternative]
Rhymes: -ɔftən Etymology: From ofte. Head templates: {{head|enm|adverb||||{{{2}}}|head=}} often, {{enm-adv}} often
  1. repeatedly, again and again, many times, frequently
    Sense id: en-often-enm-adv-fE4EfIV6 Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 6 40 35 19 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 39 38 20
  2. Under many circumstances, in many instances
    Sense id: en-often-enm-adv-nDJPI1fW Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 6 40 35 19 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 39 38 20
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "often"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "aften"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "af'en"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "affen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "oaffen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "oaften"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From ofte.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "offen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ouften",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adverb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "often",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "often",
      "name": "enm-adv"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "of",
        "ten"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 40 35 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 39 38 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "repeatedly, again and again, many times, frequently"
      ],
      "id": "en-often-enm-adv-fE4EfIV6",
      "links": [
        [
          "repeatedly",
          "repeatedly"
        ],
        [
          "again",
          "again"
        ],
        [
          "many",
          "many"
        ],
        [
          "frequently",
          "frequently"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 40 35 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 39 38 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Under many circumstances, in many instances"
      ],
      "id": "en-often-enm-adv-nDJPI1fW",
      "links": [
        [
          "circumstances",
          "circumstances"
        ],
        [
          "instances",
          "instances"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔf.tən/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔftən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "often"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adverbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɔftən",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɔftən/2 syllables"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "often"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "aften"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "af'en"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "affen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "oaffen"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "oaften"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From ofte.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "offen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ouften",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adverb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "often",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "often",
      "name": "enm-adv"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "of",
        "ten"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "repeatedly, again and again, many times, frequently"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "repeatedly",
          "repeatedly"
        ],
        [
          "again",
          "again"
        ],
        [
          "many",
          "many"
        ],
        [
          "frequently",
          "frequently"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Under many circumstances, in many instances"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "circumstances",
          "circumstances"
        ],
        [
          "instances",
          "instances"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔf.tən/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔftən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "often"
}

Download raw JSONL data for often meaning in Middle English (1.4kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (e97c820 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.